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Friday, 12 December 2014, 11:39
Assalamualaikum everyone! Today we will discuss about bio energy.
The biomass is valuable because of its chemical composition. Most of the biomass is carbon based and composed of mixtures of organic molecules; such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, alkali and heavy metal.
Biomass comes from variety of sources such as sewage, municipal solid waste, animal residues and others.
 biomass energy can be produced from starch (glucose) it is ready to recover and convert from grain into products. it is also a primary feedstock for sugar based bioproducts and also fuel ethanol industry. 
lignocellulosic biomass
a non grain portion of biomass often referred as agricultural stover or residues. such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.
  
cellulose is a nature's polymer. it is chemically stable and insoluble.
There are 6 major types of biopower systems such as direct fired, cofiring, gasification, pyrolisis, anaerobic digestion and small and modular.
Biomass gasifiers work in four steps.
The 1st one is drying. The water vapour is driven off the biomass.
The 2nd step is pyrolisis. As the temperature increases, the dry biomass decomposes into organic, vapours, gases, carbon and tars.
The next step is reduction, the water vapour reacts with carbon, producing hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane. Carbon dioxide reacts with carbon to produce more carbon monoxide.
The last one is combustion; some of the char and tars burn with oxygen from air to give heat and carbon dioxide. This heat enables the other stages of the gasification process to take place.
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